Fecal Transplant: Early History of FMT

Fecal Transplant: Early History of FMT

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Fecal Transplant: Early History of FMT

Fecal Transplant: Early History of FMT

Written by Yashi Nozawa
4.85 47,690 ratings
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About this ebook:
Infection with antibiotic-resistant microbes, often referred as "super-bugs," in hospitals can be a common problem. A conventional solution to the problem is to find a new antibiotic. This solution simply accelerates an arms race between microbes and pharmaceutical companies which try to develop an effective antibiotic. We should search for a completely new approach to the problem. This book might suggest an alternative approach for the superbug problem. It describes the tragic experience of a student nurse, Betty, who performed the world's first fecal transplant. It is not well known to the general public, but there are some diseases that infect mostly patients in hospitals. These diseases are often referred to as post-operative complications or a new infection, due to patients' weakened immune system. Pseudo membranous colitis (PM colitis) was one of such diseases, which predominantly affects patients after surgery of the digestive system. It had a high fatality rate, but there was no known effective treatment. An odd circumstance pushed Betty to perform the world's first fecal transplant and demonstrate its effectiveness. However, because of the stigma attached to feces, fellow medical staff ridiculed her to such a degree that she could not remain as a staff nurse. Later academic researchers identified the pathogen of PM colitis as Clostridium difficile (C. diff), and renamed the disease C-diff infection. Again although fecal transplant was an effective treatment for the disease, the mainstream establishment of the medical community ignored the treatment. When C. diff evolved an antibiotic-resistant strain, hundred-thousands of patients died in hospitals every year around the world. In the United States, bureaucratic hurdles prevented research of fecal transplant, despite such a high mortality rate. Eventually, the news of effectiveness of fecal transplant spread on the Internet and many patients started doing by themselves with help of friends and relatives because medical doctors were unwilling to perform such illegal treatment. In 2013, after more than fifty years from Betty's action, FDA finally and reluctantly allowed doctors to perform fecal transplant for limited cases of C-diff infection. FDA also renamed the procedure FMT (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.) Meanwhile Betty suffered personal tragedy, but she finally retired and enjoyed her peaceful life knowing that the mainstream of the medical community accepted fecal transplant, even for limited cases. This book also comments on the FDA and NIH's role in new drug development, especially concerned about Ebola epidemic.

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Pages N/A
Language Eng
Published May 13, 2015
ISBN 25928524
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Yashi Nozawa
About the Author
Yashi Nozawa

After spending years working in the corporate world, Yashi Nozawa finally decided to pursue a lifelong passion for writing. They currently reside in a quiet suburb where they spend most of their time outlining new stories, reading extensively, and occasionally attempting to bake.

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A highly sophisticated read. The protagonist was compelling, though some subplots felt slightly overshadowed. A wonderful companion for a quiet weekend.
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Elizabeth Carter
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Exceeded all my expectations. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
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I was completely blown away. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
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Masterpiece from start to finish. The pacing was impeccable and the characters felt incredibly authentic. I was completely immersed. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
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Masterpiece from start to finish. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. An effortless 5 stars.
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Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. A brilliant concept executed with flair. Just a few pacing choices I would change. Quite impressive overall.
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A highly sophisticated read. It held my rapt attention, even when certain twists were telegraphed. Quite impressive overall.
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Such a rich narrative. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
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Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. A brilliant concept executed with flair. Just a few pacing choices I would change. I would highly recommend this to discerning readers.
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Ashley Jackson November 29, 2024
I was completely blown away. The prose is exquisite. It’s accessible yet undeniably sophisticated. Worth every moment spent reading.
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An acceptable diversion. The tempo was somewhat languid, and I found my mind wandering. Not poor, simply average. A fair 3 stars.
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Masterpiece from start to finish. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. An absolute must-read for connoisseurs of the genre.
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Not entirely to my refined tastes. The prose was competent, yet the characters lacked the depth I usually seek. A fair 3 stars.
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A profoundly satisfying read. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. Worth every moment spent reading.
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A highly sophisticated read. A brilliant concept executed with flair. Just a few pacing choices I would change. A solid 4 stars from me.
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Exceeded all my expectations. I became deeply invested in the protagonist's journey. A masterclass in storytelling. An effortless 5 stars.
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Took a moment to build, but the payoff was spectacular. A brilliant concept executed with flair. Just a few pacing choices I would change. Quite impressive overall.
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Elizabeth Ramirez February 03, 2024
Masterpiece from start to finish. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
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Exceeded all my expectations. It strikes a perfect harmony of dialogue and world-building. Every chapter felt necessary. I am now a lifelong fan of this author.
Daniel Jones
Daniel Jones February 10, 2024
Masterpiece from start to finish. The author orchestrated a breathtaking finale. Truly a work of art. A true literary gem.
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Carol Roberts November 04, 2024
Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. The pacing was impeccable and the characters felt incredibly authentic. I was completely immersed. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece.
Paul Thomas
Paul Thomas February 28, 2025
A profoundly satisfying read. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece.
Deborah Lee
Deborah Lee November 28, 2025
Such a rich narrative. It strikes a perfect harmony of dialogue and world-building. Every chapter felt necessary. Worth every moment spent reading.
Thomas Anderson
Thomas Anderson June 20, 2025
A profoundly satisfying read. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece.
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson July 28, 2025
Honestly one of the most premium reading experiences lately. I adored how the story unfolded. It kept me captivated without sacrificing elegance. Worth every moment spent reading.
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Daniel Jones July 29, 2024
A decent, if standard, experience. The tempo was somewhat languid, and I found my mind wandering. Not poor, simply average. Unlikely to reread, but a reasonable expenditure of time.
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Such a rich narrative. The pacing was impeccable and the characters felt incredibly authentic. I was completely immersed. I will undoubtedly revisit this masterpiece.
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